APOLLO 18:
MISSION TO THE MOON
	
INTRODUCTION

The Apollo missions were one of the largest peace time undertakings of mankind.
The Apollo project spanned nearly a decade, involved billions of dollars and hundreds of 
thousands of people.
It accomplished untold advances in science and technology. It captured, held and inspired the 
emotions, imaginations and thoughts of the entire planet. It will be remembered forever.
It is our hope that this game sparks some interest in the space program - past, present and 
future. Libraries and bookstores are full of materials for those who are interested in learning 
and experiencing more than this disk can provide.

Designed and implemented by Artech Digital Entertainments, Inc. Published exclusively by Accolade,
Inc. 

POWER UP
	 Remove all cartridges
	 Power up your C64/128 and disk drive
	 Insert joystick in port 2
	 Insert disk label side up
	 Type LOAD "*", 8, 1. Press RETURN.

Special Keys
F1 restarts (from side 1 only; you must reboot from side 2).
F7 pauses.

QUICK GAME PLAY INSTRUCTIONS

GAME OBJECTIVE

 To successfully accomplish a complete mission:

	Blast off
	Perform docking and course correction maneuvers
	Land on the moon
	Perform Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) on moon's surface
	Slast off from moon and redock with the Command Module (CM)
	Perform space walk and practice satellite capture
	Re-enter earths atmosphere and splash down

 To achieve the highest possible score based on each event and overall mission

IN GENERAL

 The mission is divided into several sub-missions. The end of each is marked by the mission 
  status/score screen.

 Each sub-mission will contain a number of events and screens:

	 Telemetry screens
	 Status screens
	 Abort screens
	 Problem events
	 Action events
	 Observation events
	 "Log" screens

TELEMETRY SCREENS

 Telemetry screen action is required at the start of most events.
 Telemetry screens may be accessed by typing "T". The player must either:
  1. Adjust telemetry status settings until the status message at the bottom of the screen 
     changes from "NO GO" to "GO".
      Use cursor keys to move the white cursor down.
      Use return key to change setting.
       (Note: correct setting will show in green.)
      Press the fire button to exit telemetry.

  2. Run the next program required by the on-board computers.
      Type the requested program number beside the prompt "ENTER PROGRAM #" using the number 
       keys.
      Press return.

The computer will echo its actions at the bottom of the telemetry screen as it executes the 
program.

STATUS SCREENS

 Status screens report the player's score at the end of each event.
 Press the space bar to see the status screens for other events.
 Press the fire button to proceed with the mission.

ABORT SCREENS

 When an abort is necessary the player should type "A".
 The player must press return to perform each stage of the abort procedures.

PROBLEMS

 Occasionally unexpected problems may arise during a mission. These may be handled by proceeding
  to the telemetry screen and taking the action recommended by the on-board computer (displayed 
  at the bottom of the screen in white), or by making all telemetry settings green. Performing 
  the recommended action quickly is crucial to the mission's success.

SUB-MISSIONS

BLAST OFF

 Goal is to achieve correct orbit. Before proceeding type "T" to activate the telemetry screen 
  and confirm that systems are "GO". This procedure should be done at the beginning of all events.
 Begin the mission by pressing fire button.
 A red bar will appear (lower right) and will start to move. Try to press the fire button at 
  EXACTLY the mid line.
 Your score is based on the number of 1000ths of seconds that your timing is off.
 Be sure that your total error on all events is kept to a minimum. The launch will be aborted if
  an error of 148 or greater is allowed.
 The launch events are divided into three groups with the accumulated error for that group being
  displayed at the bottom of the screen (in green).
 During the second group of events the gyros become active (yellow bars and horizontal gauge to 
  the immediate left of the red bar).
 Use the joystick (left/right) to keep the bars balanced, and/or to keep the needle of the 
  horizontal gauge centered.
 If you allow the gyros to become too imbalanced, an alarm will sound. When the alarm sounds for
  a third time the launch will be aborted.

DOCKING

 Goal is to undock and redock the Command Module (CM) to the Lunar Module (LM).
 Use the joystick (left/right, up/down) to keep the approach vehicle centered on the cross hairs.
 Use the fire button to decelerate from the approaching vehicle.
 Your approach must be accurate and with a minimum velocity to be successful.
 Your score is based on the total time taken for a successful docking as well as the number of 
  attempts, accuracy of the docking and velocity of the CM at docking.

MID-COURSE CORRECTION

 Goal is to fire rockets to correct course.
 Several mid-course corrections must be performed at various times during your journey to the 
  moon.
 Your on-board computer will give you a count down from five to one. At the Count, press AND 
  HOLD DOWN the fire button to fire the engines.
 There will be a computer-calculated burn while the engines fire.
 Watch the burn panel carefully  when the numbers start to roll, RELEASE the fire button to 
  shut down the engines. This will prevent over-correction. You are scored on your reaction time
 Release as soon as possible.
 Should numbers appear in the error overflow (over-correction) window, the burn will have to be 
  repeated to get back on course.

LUNAR LANDING

 Goal is to land on the moon.
 There are three landing site approach windows. You will always start with site one.
 Use the joystick (left/right) to maneuver the lunar module in the OPPOSITE direction (joystick 
  left makes the craft maneuver to the right).
 Use the fire button or joystick (down) to decrease the effects of your downward momentum 
  (braking engine).
 Be sure to watch your altitude indicator, and to land with a minimum velocity.
 Your are scored on:
 Your ability to stay on course (the green line between the red corridor lines)
 The number of burns required (the fewer the better)
 The time taken (the faster the better)
 Velocity at landing (the slower the better)
 If you stray outside the corridor, the on-board computer will take over and abort you from the 
  current window (score is lessened). You will be given the opportunity to try a different window
  (landing site), but only three windows in total. After that the craft crosses the terminator 
  into darkness behind the moon with insufficient fuel to attempt further landings.


MOON WALK

 Goal is to reach the Surveyor III.
 Use the fire button to take your first jump.
 Lean forward to gain speed (joystick right).
 Lean back before you land (joystick left).
 If you land leaning too far forward for your current speed you will fall. The speed bar will be
  red if your lean is too far forward or backward to land without falling. 
 You can gain height and speed by leaning back a little before you land. Leaning back too far 
  for your current speed will result in a fall.
 Use the joystick (up/down) to keep on course (see the map lower left). If your position 
  indicator is green you are on course. If it is red you are not.
 If you do stray too far off course you must stop, turn around and go back until you are again 
  on course.
 You must make it back to the lunar module before you run out of oxygen.
 Your score is based on the time taken to complete the mission and total number of falls.

SPACE WALK

 Goal is to test the capture procedure on three satellites.
 Use the fire button to launch a satellite.
 Once elapsed time begins to count, use the joystick to accelerate in any direction.
 Use the up/down cursor key to move in and out of the screen.
 The graph at the lower left shows the three dimensions 
 The satellite is located at the center of the graph where the three lines meet. Each of the
  moving dots on the graph represents you in one of the three dimensions. When all of the dots 
  are GREEN you are in capture range.
 To capture the satellite:
  1. FACE THE SATELLITE (3/4 view, joystick up/left)
  2. PRESSING THE SPACE BAR will turn "ON/OFF" your "space hook".
 Now use the joystick (all directions) in order to line the end of your hook up with the 
  rotating spot on the satellite. PRESS the fire button to capture.
 If you miss or the satellite drifts out of range, press the space bar to put away the hook and 
  allow you to move around.
 When a satellite is captured press the space bar. Then travel off screen towards the CM.
 You are scored on the time/number of attempts taken for each satellite (number of times fire 
  button was pressed while hook was out)

RE-ENTRY

 Goal is to get down to Earth without burning up.
 Press fire button to begin descent.
 Use joystick (all directions) to keep cross on "eight ball" centered. The more time the "eight 
  ball" is off center, the higher the temperature rises. If your CM temperature rises above 5000 
  degrees F., your crew will perish.
 You are scored on your ability to maintain course.

MISSION CONTROL

[day 1 00:00:00]

LAUNCH SCREEN

The player finds himself at the NASA Flight Director's control panel in the Mission Control Room.

At "T-15 and holding" TELEM flashes in the status window. Type "T" to view the telemetry computer
screen. Pre-launch sequences are initiated on the telemetry screen which displays the running 
status of all the on-board systems.

THE MISSION CONTROL TELEMETRY SCREEN:

Telemetry signals constantly echo all the instruments, systems and general vehicle readiness of 
both the rocket and the capsule. Cursor arrow up/down key move to the next highlighted selection 
on the display. Hit return to cycle through the various options (the correct one for the moment 
will be displayed in green). After all pre-launch sequences are completed the status at the 
bottom turns from "NO GO" to "GO". Fire button exits at any time after pre-launch completion.

FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM:

The Instruments Unit (IV) inertial guidance system was responsible for guidance and control 
during all phases of powered flight. As part of the pre-launch (7-17 secs) the guidance reference
system and gyros platform had to be checked and reset.

PROPELLANT SYSTEM:

Hit the fire button to begin the complex sequence of purging and flushing out the tanks, 
pre-pressurizing, filling and final pressurization of the propellant itself. Ninety percent of 
the rockets weight is fuel - 3,500 gallons per second is consumed, from a total of 534,000 
gallons on board.

ENGINES:

Set engines from OFF to SYNChronized, to READY for ignition.

PROPULSION SYSTEM

Liquid oxygen (LOX) and liquid helium (LOH) in the tanks were pressurized at low temperatures. 
Sequencing turns on the Propellant Utilization system (PU) and the Auxilliary Propulsion System 
(APS) and displays the current status of the tanks. PU: With two kinds of liquid propellant, 
designers wanted both tanks to run dry at the same time - residual amounts in either would 
subtract from the accuracy and stability of a desired trajectory or orbit. The PU system 
continuously monitored the conditions of the propellant in each tank and controlled the mixture 
ratio.

APS: The Auxilliary Propulsion cluster System during powered flight controlled the roll, pitch 
and yaw of the rocket.

HYDRAULICS SYSTEM:

The various pressure pumps were engine driven, electrical or auxilliary backup in nature.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:

Consisted of several 26-volt DC cells. The system could be switched to backup batteries, restore 
power procedures or main.

ACCELEROMETERS:

Measured different accelerations and stresses in parts of the rocket due to varying thrust from 
the engines, vibrations, turbulence and fuel imbalances.

THE STATUS LINE:

The current status is displayed as "GO" or "NO GO". If "NO GO" is displayed something has not 
been done in pre-launch or a fault has been detected in the equipment telemetry signals.

Beyond merely monitoring or pinpointing an equipment fault, the computer screen readout could 
indicate not only that a fault existed, but also the nature of the problem, its causes and 
possible solutions. When a problem occurs you will be informed via a message at the bottom of the
screen and how to correct the problem using the controls and inputs on the telemetry screen.

LAUNCH:

At "T-15 and holding", "GO" flashes in the status window. Press the fire button to initiate the 
launch sequence "starting countdown". At precisely 8.9 seconds after ignition the five F-1 
engines are generating 7.5 million pounds of thrust or the equivalent of 180 million horsepower. 
When the rocket is a mere three-quarters of an inch off the ground, the umbilical cables are 
retracted. If something goes wrong from this point on, the launch cannot be scrubbed. The engines
reach 6,000 degrees Farenheit.

DURING LAUNCH:

The time-critical sequence of firing and jettisoning stages and the execution of various
maneuvers is controlled by you. As each event in the sequence is encountered the red bar at the 
top of the timing error display begins to move. Hit the fire button when the bar reaches the 
center line. As each event is announced in the status window, the bar timing event is invoked. 
The maneuvers are divided into three groups of four. The accumulated error is shown as a sum at 
the bottom of the timing error display (in green) at the end of each group.

Try to keep the total error as close as possible to zero. For example, if the running error is 
-40 (the player was early overall on the events), the next timing error should compensate by +40 
to reduce the error average to zero.

If the error is very small then the rocket is on schedule, on course and its position is plotted 
on the trajectory screen - centered in the flight path. The three divisions and the center line 
represent the ideal trajectory at each of the three stages. If the timing error is large then the
rockets course becomes dangerously steep or low and it strays from its planned trajectory path. 
Its altitude or velocity may be too low or it may not have enough fuel left to reach orbit (or 
even the next stage). The flight must be aborted.

GYROS:

After the vehicle clears the tower and performs the roll maneuver, the first stage is shut down 
and jettisoned. At stage two "GUIDANCE" flashes in the status window. With the path adaptive 
guidance on manual override, you control the analog flight computer. Center the gyros heading by 
bringing the red line to the center of the display and keeping it there as accurately as possible.
The gyroscope is controlled by the joystick (left/right). A warning alarm sounds if the heading 
has strayed dangerously off course. Should the alarm sound be ignored the mission will be aborted.

Maintain the course heading at or near zero. At Max Q, the period of most intense atmospheric 
buffeting, the craft will feel most unstable. During the third stage, most of the oscillations 
will smooth out.

ABORT:

During launch type "A" at any time to enter the abort screen.
If a launch must be aborted, "ABORT" will flash in the status window. Press return to begin the 
sequence. If an abort occurs during the first stage, press the escape tower ejection system, for 
the astronauts must be blown first. Press return to start the sequence. "OK" appears when done. 
Move to the next sequence in the list. Once the Command Module with the astronauts is safely 
clear (OK) cut the engines (OK) before the Propulsion Dispersion System (PDS) explosives destroy 
the rocket and disperse the fuel into the atmosphere.

Non-critical aborts on the launch pad before ignition constitute scrubbed launches. Low altitude 
abort to orbits occur when the vehicles thrust, fuel or altitude are too low to attain proper 
parking orbit. Abort to orbit means that you must proceed to the separation from the LM and 
S-IV-B third stage, re-entry splashdown and recovery to bring the astronauts back safely.

DECISION TO GO TO THE MOON

[day 1 01:26:00]

Once in a safe parking orbit, the command/service module makes several revolutions of the Earth 
while checking out the system - both for damage from the launch and for system readiness on the 
next phase. If there is sufficient fuel and no significant damage then the orbit is examined to 
determine its orbital characteristics. Calculations are made to compute the time and duration for
re-igniting and shutting down of the third stage. The decision to go to the Moon has been made.

On the CM screen you will receive a yellow caution and "PROCEED" message on the monitor warning 
that you are coming up on systems checkout and Trans Lunar Injection (TLI) burn - go to the 
telemetry screen by typing "T".

PROG #	 	ACTION and monitor echoes
1		CM/SM/LM system checkout
		Prepare for TLI

Once on the telemetry display screen you should begin by initiating program #1 which is a startup
sequence for an auto checkout of both the Command and Service modules. To initiate a program 
enter the number on your keyboard followed by return.

PROG #		ACTION and monitor echoes
3		Fire S-IV-1 B TLI maneuver
		Shutdown S-IV-1 B

If there are no problems or damage then the status is GO and program #3 should be selected in 
preparation for re-igniting stage three. If there is a problem then the fault will be pinpointed 
and you will be directed to several possible solutions and sequences to follow in the event of an
emergency.

The 200,000 pound thrust S-IV-B third stage fires briefly to take the rocket to a higher orbit in
preparation for TLI. After achieving a speed of over 25,000 mph, escape velocity is reached and 
Apollo frees itself of the Earth. Communications with Earth are blacked out for the duration of 
the burn. The third stage is shut down.

DOCKING

[day 1 1:58:42]

Once the S-IV-B stage placed the spacecraft on a trajectory to the Moon, the LM adapter panels 
would blossom outward 45 degrees. The Apollo command and service modules would separate from the 
third stage, pull away, turn around, dock with the lunar module, and then pull the LM away from 
the stage.

PROG #		ACTION and monitor displays
23		Open adapter panels says "opening"
		(separation says "firing S-RCS". Watch from the window as program 23 rotates the 
                command module and lines it up for docking with the service and lunar modules)

44 		Extend probe (says "probe extended". The probe was used as a guide during the 
		docking procedures)

The intricate maneuver of rotating 180 degrees until the nose of the spacecraft is head to head 
with the LM and in position for the docking, begins by selecting the program in the sequence. 
Program 23 initiates the move, opening out the panels like blossoms and firing the small Reaction
Control System rockets of the Service Module (S-RCS) to separate and move away.

Finally the craft is rotated a full 180 degrees by the pre-docking auto sequence maneuver. 
"Proceed" to the telemetry screen and extend the probe. The player is informed on the CM monitor 
that the probe is extended and the sequence is switched to "Manual" control. The monitor displays
the docking "X" (vertical) and "Y" and approach velocities are displayed on docking control panel.

Use the joystick, like the astronauts attitude control stick, to fire the rocket thrusters. Left
and right gives yaw left or right. Pushing the joystick forward or pulling back gives the pitch 
up and down. Press the fire button to slow your ever-accelerating approach to the other vehicle.

Keep the approach velocity and the X, Y velocities low so as not to damage the LM on contact nor 
bump it and push it erratically into an unstabilized spin. Using too much fuel may jeopardize 
upcoming correctional maneuvers and even the mission itself. If either craft has been damaged 
then the warning panel will flash and the player should do a checkout of the system on the 
telemetry display screen.

If the approach velocity is too great the on-board computer may kick in and abort the docking. If
the computer must abort more than three times or if too much fuel is expended the computer system
will take over and the remainder of the mission will be altered to compensate for this failure.

If no problems exist then proceed with the securing of the system and removal of the LM. The CM 
monitor gives a "Proceed" when the LM is free and both the third stage and adapter have been 
jettisoned.

PROG #	ACTION AND monitor display
87	Lock the 12 latches and secure all systems
54	Pull LM out of the third stage and dump the stage LM adaptor
56	Burn SM to de-orbit. Use SM reactions control system

Once a successful docking has been made, the latches between the CM and LM are secured and the CM
is used to gently pull the LM out of its resting place inside of the third stage. The third stage
is now dumped, as well as the adaptor that had held it into space. The modules that will make the
journey to the Moon are now properly positioned, checked out and the mission is ready to leave 
Earth orbit and go to the Moon.

MIDCOURSE CORRECTION

Day 1 [04:43:00]

About three or four hours after Til has been made, a critical phase begins - the midcourse 
correction. Although the craft may be only a fraction off course this inaccuracy will be greatly 
magnified over the tremendous distance to the moon. Also the moon is a moving target so the craft
must be put on a course to arrive at a point in space where the Moon will be in several days.

The Moon itself is a satellite. The Earths speed of 67,000 mph relative to the Sun, the Moons 
speed relative to the Earth (2,300 mph) as well as Apollos slowest coasting speed of 3,000 mph 
between the two bodies - makes the timing of hitting this moving target critical!

If the computed correction is minor then the S-RCS is fired. If the correction is significant 
then the main propulsion system is employed. Choose program 98.

PROG # 
98    		Midcourse correction

The CM monitor displays the midcourse correction timing screen.

Press the fire button when ready to begin. Wait for the exact moment when the craft approaches 
the window. The countdown to the window will be displayed on the CM monitor "Mark 5 ... 4 ... 
3... 2 ..."

PRESS AND HOLD the fire button when the computer says "FIRING" at the exact calculated position 
in the flight path. As soon as that point has passed you must shut down the engines or risk 
over-correcting. The digits measure the response time. As soon as the 000 digit counter (on the 
burn panel) begins to move RELEASE the fire button. The digit counter stops moving. Its current 
reading is your timing reponse. If the error is insignificant then the in-flight alignment check 
displays "ON COURSE" on the monitor.

The window for this correction is critical. The timing error must be less than 300 or you will be
directed to try this maneuver again. Any amount greater than 300 will be displayed in the 
overflow register of the burn panel. The amount of fuel used is being monitored as well as the 
number of attempts.

[day 3 51:40:40]

The second course correction is made in the same manner as before, as Apollo is approaching the 
Moon. Select program 99 on the telemetry command screen. The CM monitor screen announces that the
SM-RCS (small reaction control system) is firing.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
99		Lunar correction, second course correction S-RCS 
12		OI firing SM propulsion system.
13		LO circularization then fire descent engine

Once the correction has been successfully made, the amount of fuel remaining is examined to 
determine if there is a "GO" for Lunar Orbit Insertion. (LOI)
At approximately 200,000 miles from the Earth "GO FOR LOI" gives a go ahead for selecting program
12 - firing the Service Module main propulsion system engines. The gravitational attraction of 
the Moon is now stronger that distant Earth's and Apollo plunges quickly towards the moon.

At 80 miles above the Moon, Apollo fires the braking descent engine, decelerates and goes into a 
neat low circular orbit.

Apollo is now behind the Moon and radio contact is lost.

[day 3 69:28:00]

Apollo makes three revolutions of the Moon while ground trackers monitor the orbit and the 
movements of the craft. "GO" for lunar module descent is given as the craft approaches the first 
of several possible landing sites. Site 1 - Littron; Site 2 - Tranquility; Site 3 - Descartes. 
The astronauts enter the LM and begin the power-up sequence and system check readout. The LM 
screen gives a proceed and the yellow warning lights direct you to the telemetry screen.

The LM has two stages. The descent stage and the ascent stage for blast off. The descent stage 
will provide the blast-off platform and will be left behind on the Moon.

LM PROG #	ACTION
2		Power-up seq LM
4		Close CM hatches
34 		Deploy LM landing gear
21 		Undock detach LM/CM, LM reaction control sys
11		Inspect LM

If the power up sequence gives a CO status, then program 4 is executed to close the hatches and 
secure the system prior to separation. The craft is now operational and the various lights and 
dials are animated.

Program 21 detaches the LM from the CM/SM "FIRING REACTION CONTROL SYSTEM". The LM is inspected 
by the CM (it rotates around twice) and a "GO" is given if there are no problems. Any problems 
(e.g., gear not deployed despite computer message) will be dealt with on the LM telemetry screen.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
33		Fire descent engine. Powered Descent Initiation (PDI) Turn on landing radar
24		Manual
		Highgate
97		CONTACT checkout LM for damage (if no prob GO)

Program 24 turns the control system on to "MANUAL" - visual for descent. "HIGHGATE" on the LM 
monitor is performed at the highest point on the approach to the landing site. Like a jet 
approaching the airport a nose-down operation to see the lunar surface is performed. This 
indicates that you should prepare to fire the braking engine and enter the descent path.

The re-entry trajectory is a cone shape defined by red lines on either side. The green line in 
the center indicates the "ON COURSE" ideal path. Try to stay on course and make as few 
corrections as necessary to save fuel.

The retro rockets thrust in the direction that the joystick is positioned. Joystick left fires 
the left engine cluster moving the craft to the RIGHT. Joystick right fires the right cluster of 
thrusters moving the craft to the LEFT. Pressing the fire button, or joystick down, slows the 
craft down if it is descending too fast, by firing the braking engine. Enough lift will slow its 
vertical descent velocity to zero. Continuing to hold the fire button down after this will cause 
its velocity to be negative and the craft will ascend.

Try to stay on the green line and make contact at or near zero velocity in both the vertical and 
the horizontal planes. As well as being on target, the landing has to be gentle. If the LMs total
velocity is less than 50, the LM will not incur damage. If it is between 50 and 100, the LM will 
incur some damage. If more than 100, the LM will crash.

Too much velocity in the horizontal plane means that Apollo lands with a high speed which may 
damage the landing gear or push the craft over on its side. The craft could land at up to a 30 
degree angle and still be able to perform the blast off. A very high impact velocity means that 
the LM will crash land. A very high vertical velocity implies that the craft has too much forward
motion and drags across the ground ripping its undercarriage.

If at any point the LM gets outside of the red limiting lines of the descent cone, as displayed 
on the monitor screen, you must abort the landing.

Three landing sites are available, in order of importance. If the first landing at Site 1 is 
aborted, the onboard computer will take Apollo to a safe height. Mission control computes a new 
landing site window based on the in-flight coordinates and the next site (2 or 3) is approached. 
Begin descent. After Site 3 has been passed the LM passes the terminator and enters darkness on 
the far side.

Lunar landing after three attempts has to be aborted. Apollo will be instructed to fire the 
ascent engine and begin tracking the CM on the rendezvous radar. The status screen presents the 
astronaut's performance and system status on the landing.

[day 4 80:20:20]

If a safe landing has been made and the LM and systems are performing properly then the 
astronauts get a "GO" for the Moonwalk. "PROCEED" on the monitor directs the player to the 
telemetry screen to depressurize the cabin and open the hatches. The egress sequence also makes 
the antennae and camera systems operational.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
22		Egress sequence
		Depressurize cabin (before egress onto Moon's surface)
		Open hatch
		(Erect antennae - start cameras)

The object of the Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) Moonwalk was to perform certain scientific 
operations and medical experiments on the astronauts themselves or in some cases to perform a 
mission-specific task. One of these tasks was to locate the Surveyor III. 

The course starts at the LM and ends at the landing site of the Surveyor III, an early 
picture-taking robot that had soft landed on the Moon in April, 1967. Parts of the Surveyor were 
taken back to Houston where a thorough inspection proved that it had never been struck by a 
meteor during its lunar stay. (The Intrepid LM actually landed only 600 feet away from the
Surveyor!)

The map at the lower left of the screen displays the path that you (green dot, left side) must 
follow to safely reach the Surveyor III at the far right side.

If the astronaut is on course then the dot remains green. The dot turns red if you stray too far 
off course. The other displays are distance covered, oxygen remaining, and energy being used. The
speed display has a four-color bar; blue (the slowest), green, yellow and red (fastest).

The Moonwalk is performed by pressing the fire button and moving the stick in the direction to 
move. As the astronaut jumps up in the air, move the stick forward (right) to tip him forward. 
This will increase his speed. As he descends, tip him backward (left) to insure that he does not 
land too far forward and fall. Lean back a bit to give momentum and height to the next jump. If 
the astronaut is too far forward (or back) to land safely at the current speed, the speed bar 
will turn red. The velocity is shown as well as the aerobic energy level and subsequent oxygen 
used by the astronaut. If the motion is smooth and rhythmic, then the leaps will increasingly 
become higher and farther each time. Efficient motion uses less oxygen and optimizes the speed. 
The gravity of the Moon is one-sixth that of Earths so expect some surprises! (A 150-pound man 
weighs only 25 pounds.

The joystick (up/down) is used to keep the astronaut on the path. If the astronaut strays off 
course, then the position indicator on the map will turn red. The astronaut must retrace his 
steps until he is back on course.

This EVA locomotion experiment was termed the "Bunny Walk" in the press. Problems, or an abort 
EVA on this screen might include sudden radio detection of solar flare activity (announced by 
Houston Control) which would require the astronaut to put his newly learned skill to an immediate
practical test by having to get back to the relative safety of the LM as fast as possible.

The status screen is presented at the end of the EVA and displays the performance of the 
astronaut.

Once the EVA has been completed Program 25 repressurizes the cabin and secures the systems, 
selected on the telemetry screen.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
25		Repressurize after ingress says "pressurized"

[day 5 105:21:59]

Once inside the LM, all systems must be checked thoroughly and prepared for launch. This is a 
critical point in the mission. The redundancy safety factor (two of everything) did not exist for
the ascent engine systems. There was no backup. The systems must fire perfectly or the astronauts
remain forever marooned on the Moon. Set the Ascent stage to ON to get the LM Ascent stage 
telemetry operational.

If a "GO" is received then PROCEED to Program 34 to enable blast off of the non-throttle ascent 
engine. On the LM monitor screen the message "ALIGNED" appears just before blast off when the 
Command Module is in position above the lunar surface. The various phases of the launch pitch are
announced on the LM screen as the blast is in progress. The altitude and Moon's scrolling surface
give an indication of the relative velocity as the vehicle lifts off.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
34		Prepare LM for blast off
		Blast off Moon - align guidance says "ALIGNED"
		Straight up 10 seconds main ascent engine
		50 degrees pitch over climbing angle

Once in lunar orbit the LM tracks the CM on the rendezvous radar to determine its position (350 
miles away) and eventually a visual sighting can be made. Both crafts are being tracked by Earth 
stations. This is accomplished by initiating Program 56.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
56		CM coelliptic sequence initiation
		Rendezvous radar on
		Now tracking CM
		CM and LM aligned - radar lock (on CM rendezvous radar
		Differential height maneuver
		Visual sighting of the red beacon

Docking is accomplished in the same manner as before once the auto "ALIGNED" message is given on 
the LM monitor.

LM PROG # 	ACTION
66		Manual dock with CM

Once "DOCKED" appears, the system must be locked and secured. Program 78 deactivates the LM.

PROG # 		ACTION
78		Open 12 latches
		Deactivate LM
		Power down sequence executing

Once safely in the Command Module, initiate the return home sequence below. System readiness and 
data exchanges with Earth are performd. In the darkness behind the Moon the Service Module Main 
Propulsion system fires (eating four tons of propellant) and Apollo breaks free of the Moon. 
Apollo is in Earth Orbit Insertion (EOI) phase.

PROG # 		ACTION
79		Jettison LM ascent stage
		Align for EOI
		De-orbit SM propulsion system


[day 7 136:00:00]

Spacewalks were performed as a routine function on the return home to either place satellites in 
orbit around the Moon (Apollo 15) or to retrieve the film canisters on the outside of the CM and 
SM. EVA experiments were done to test the astronauts ability to launch, capture and retrieve 
satellites in space for repositioning or repair if necessary.

The panel displays the satellite release bay switches, the game timer, jet pack fuel remaining, 
the current satellite number and the number of attempts the astronaut has made with the grappling
stick to ensnare the object. The coordinate system at lower left shows the satellite (depicted as
a yellow dot) centered in a three-dimensional display on an X, Y, Z axis. The astronauts 
position is in all three dimensions. A position guide is given as a red dot on each axis.

The red flashing light below the satellite release switch indicates satellite ready. When you hit
the fire button the light changes to green. The timer is set to zero and the satellite appears. 
You should first adjust your Z position using the left/right cursor key to move out towards the 
satellite (away from CM) and the up/down cursor key to move in towards the satellite (closer to 
CM). The Z dot on the coordinate system changes to green when the player is in range. Once lined 
up, all adjustments are made in the X and Y axis only.

When the satellite is released the digital counter begins and measure the astronauts retrieval 
time. Move slowly toward the floating satellite (fire button depressed and joystick in the 
direction to move) at the same speed and in the same direction as the satellite.

When the astronaut is positioned at 11 oclock (three quarters view facing left away from the 
player!) hit the space bar. A stick-like gaff appears and is used to catch and stabilize the 
spinning satellite - touch the purple spot near the nose of the spinning satellite (move the 
joystick around to control the arm movements) and THEN press the fire button to "catch" the 
object. The astronaut then moves it away off screen.

If the player "misses" or the satellite moves out of reach then the player must hit the space bar
again to retract the stick and activate the jet pack. The astronaut cannot manipulate the stick 
and the jet pack at the same time.

This procedure is repeated three times and the performance time is tallied. The status screen at 
the end of the EVA compiles the results for the player. The sequence of pressurizing and 
depressurizing the cabin is outlined below.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
34		Depressurize cabin "DEPRESSURIZED" 
                Open hatch
		Repressurize cabin "REPRESSURIZED"
35		Depressurize cabin "DEPRESSURIZED" 
                Open hatch (gets in)
		Repressurize cabin "REPRESSURIZED"

[day 7 138:30:00]

Ten hours after EOI, the first course correction was computed and executed in the same exacting 
fashion as the Moonward mid-course corrections. Choose Program 37 to execute the maneuver.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
37		Mid-course corrections 1 & 2

[day 9 199:00:00]

At 2,500 miles from the Earth and two hours before re-entry, the second and final course 
correction is made. Program 12 executes the sequence of firing. Next the SM itself is jettisoned 
after the spin-up operation. Spinning up the craft (much like a bullet spirals from the barrel of
a gun) greatly increases the accuracy of an aim. The target in this case is the Earth re-entry 
window. Program 33 to jettison SM.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
12		Final course correction
		Spin up
33		Jettison SM

The re-entry corridor was a narrow 300 mile wide and 40 mile deep cone shape. If the approach 
angle was not exactly right then one of two possibilties existed. If the angle was too steep then
the abrupt deceleration in the ever-thickening air would crush the Apollo craft and cause it to 
burn up. If the angle of descent was too high then they would miss the re-entry window and skip 
off the atmosphere into space in a perpetual circular orbit around the Sun.

Unlike the early, slower-moving craft, Apollo did not make a direct re-entry. Instead it 
intentionally skipped off the atmosphere several times to decelerate more slowly.

Program 89 fires the C-RCS to zero the angle for re-entry. "Manual" puts you in control of the CM.
When "PROCEED" is given, go for re-entry check and initiate the Earth landing systems and heat 
shield. If no faults exist, re-entry begins.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
89		CM reaction control system - set angle attitude re-entry
		Switching to manual sequence
99		Checkout heat shield, chutes

The object of re-entry is to keep the CM on course and at a set angle to the re-entry. This angle
was only between 5.5 and 7.3 degrees.

If the angle is not maintained as the craft skips in and out of the atmosphere then the danger 
exists that the CM will burn up or that the heat shield itself may be damaged. At seven miles per
second the temperature could soar to 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit (twice the speed of the earlier 
Ranger craft). The ionization imposes a complete radio blackout and all communication with the 
craft is lost for the next two minutes.

To keep Apollo oriented, the "eight ball" gyro of the CM (flight director attitude control 
indicator) must be maintained in the center of the display. Joystick left and right for horizontal
movements - up and down for vertical positioning. The vibrations will increase and decrease as 
the tiny ship bounces in and out of the atmosphere starting at 400,000 feet. The heat shield is 
automatically jettisoned once the final re-entry phase has been reached.

At 24,000 feet the monitor directs the astronauts to start the last series of events for 
splashdown and recovery. Program 90.

CM PROG # 	ACTION
90		Fire drogue chutes	@ 24,000 feet
		Pilot chutes		@ 11,000 feet
		Main chutes		@ 10,000 feet
		Turn on beacon

After re-entry the status screen is displayed with the performance and mission score to date.

The final status score gives the overall Mission Success Score and itemizes the main events. The 
splashdown and subsequent recovery sequence depends on the re-entry performance and the overall 
Mission Success Score.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

STAGES TO SATURN			NASA PUBLICATION #SP-420
MOONPORT				NASA PUBLICATION #SP-4204
APOLLO SPACECRAFT			NASA PUBLICATION #SP-4009 VOL 1-4
CHARIOTS FOR APOLLO			NASA PUBLICATION #SP-4205
LUNAR MODULE				NASA PUBLICATION #TN-D6724
LIFTOFF					NASA PUBLICATION 829.4 T2W
LIFE - IN SPACE				TIME-LIFE BOOKS TL 793.133 
THIRTEEN THE FLIGHT THAT FAILED		HENRY S. COOPER 629.458 6777
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC			VOL 135 NO. 2 FEB 1969
					VOL 135 NO. 5 MAY 1969
					VOL 135 NO. 6 DEC 1969
					VOL 144 NO. 3 SEP 1973

APOLLO MANNED MISSIONS

1967 JAN. 27 APOLLO 1:			Gus Grissom, Edward White, Roger Chaffee 
					Fire inside spacecraft during ground testing resulted in 
					death of astronauts.

1968 OCT. 11 APOLLO 7:			Wally Schirra, Donn Eisolo, Walt Cunningham
					163 orbits
					10 days, 20 hours
					- First Apollo Earth Orbit Mission

1968 DEC. 21 APOLLO 6:			Frank Borman, James Lovell, William Anders
					10 lunar orbits
					6 days, 3 hours
					- First manned orbit of Moon

1969 MAR. 3 APOLLO 9			James McDivitt, David Scott, Ruccol Sohwoiokart
					151 orbits
					10 days, 1 hour
					- First test of Lunar Module (Earth Orbit)

1969 MAY 18 APOLLO 10			Thomas Stafford, Eugene Shernan, John Young
					31 lunar orbits
					8 days
					- First test of Lunar Module (Moon Orbit)

1969 JULY 16 APOLLO 11			Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldring, Michael Collins
					22 hours on the Moon
					2 hours, 35 minutes EVA
					- First manned lunar landing!

1969 NOV. 14 APOLLO 12			Pete Conrad, Richard Gordon, Alan Bean
					32 hours on the Moon
					7 hours, 45 minutes EVA
					- Second lunar landing - Returned parts of Surveyor III

1970 APRIL 11 APOLLO 13			James Lovell, Fred Naise, Jack Swigert
					5 days, 22 hours, 53 minutes
					- Aborted mission - safe return of crew	

1971 JAN. 31 APOLLO 14			Alan Shepard, Stuart Ronsa, Edgar Mitchell
					34 hours on the moon
					0 hours, 24 minutes EVA
					- Collected 96 lbs. of lunar soil

1971 JULY 26 APOLLO 15			David Scott, Alfred Warden, James Irwin
					67 hours on the moon
					18 hours, 35 minutes EVA
					- First use of Lunar Rover

1972 APRIL 16 APOLLO 16			Charles Duke, Ken Mattingly, John Young
					71 hours on the Moon
					21 hours, 15 minutes EVA
					- 213 lbs. of lunar rocks

1972 DEC. 7 APOLLO 17			Eugene Sernan, Ronald Evans, Harrison Schmitt
					76 hours on the Moon
					23 hours, 12 minutes EVA
					- Last Manned Trip to the Moon
					243 lbs. Lunar Samples Returned to Earth

APOLLO MISSION EVENTS SEQUENCE

Event							Time hr:min:sec
Range zero - 13:32:00 GMT, 16 July 1969                 
Liftoff                                                 00:00:00.6 
S-IC outboard engine cutoff                             00:02:41.7 
S-II engine ignition (command)				00:02:43.0 
Launch escape tower jettison				00:03:17.9 
S-II engine cutoff					00:09:08.3 
S-IVB engine ignition (command)				00:09:12.2 
S-IVB engine cutoff					00:11:39.3 
Translunar injection maneuver				02:44:16.2 
CSM/S-IVB separation					03:17:04.6 
First docking						03:24:03.1 
Spacecraft ejection					04:16:59.1 
Separation maneuver (from S-IVB)			04:40:01.8 
First midcourse correction				26:44:58.7 
Lunar orbit insertion					75:49:50.4 
Lunar orbit circularization				80:11:36.8 
Undocking						100:12:00.6 
Separation maneuver (from LM)				100:39:52.9 
Descent orbit insertion					101:36:14.6 
Powered descent initiation				102:33:05.2 
Lunar landing						102:45:39.9 
Egress (hatch opening)					109:07:33.0 
Ingress (hatch closing)					111:39:13.0 
Lunar liftoff						124:22:00:8 
Coelliptic sequence initiation				125:19:36.0 
Constant differential height maneuver			126:17:49.6 
Terminal phase initiation				127:03:51.8 
Docking							128:03:00.0 
Ascent stage jettison					130:09:31.2 
Separation maneuver (from ascent stage)			130:30:01.0 
Transearth injection maneuver				135:23:42.3 
Second midcourse correction				150:29:57.4 
CM/SM separation					194:49:12.7 
Entry interface						195:03:05.7 
Landing							195:18:35.0